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July 11 in History
Historical Events on July 11
472
After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death.
813
Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abdicates in favor of his general Leo the Armenian, and becomes a monk (under the name Athanasius).
911
Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
1174
Baldwin IV, 13, becomes King of Jerusalem, with Raymond III, Count of Tripoli as regent and William of Tyre as chancellor.
1302
Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch): A coalition around the Flemish cities defeats the king of France's royal army.
1346
Charles IV, Count of Luxembourg and King of Bohemia, is elected King of the Romans.
1405
Ming admiral Zheng He sets sail to explore the world for the first time.
1476
Giuliano della Rovere is appointed bishop of Coutances.
1576
Martin Frobisher sights Greenland.
1616
Samuel de Champlain returns to Quebec.
1735
Mathematical calculations suggest that it is on this day that dwarf planet Pluto moved inside the orbit of Neptune for the last time before 1979.
1740
Pogrom: Jews are expelled from Little Russia.
1750
Halifax, Nova Scotia is almost completely destroyed by fire.
1789
Jacques Necker is dismissed as France's Finance Minister sparking the Storming of the Bastille.
1796
The United States takes possession of Detroit from Great Britain under terms of the Jay Treaty.
1798
The United States Marine Corps is re-established; they had been disbanded after the American Revolutionary War.
1801
French astronomer Jean-Louis Pons makes his first comet discovery. In the next 27 years he discovers another 36 comets, more than any other person in history.
1804
A duel occurs in which the Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr mortally wounds former Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton.
1833
Noongar Australian aboriginal warrior Yagan, wanted for the murder of white colonists in Western Australia, is killed.
1848
Waterloo railway station in London opens.
1864
American Civil War: Battle of Fort Stevens; Confederate forces attempt to invade Washington, D.C.
1882
The British Mediterranean Fleet begins the Bombardment of Alexandria in Egypt as part of the Anglo-Egyptian War.
1889
Tijuana, Mexico, is founded.
1893
The first cultured pearl is obtained by Kokichi Mikimoto.
1893
A revolution led by the liberal general and politician José Santos Zelaya takes over state power in Nicaragua.
1895
Brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière demonstrate movie film technology to scientists.
1897
Salomon August Andrée leaves Spitsbergen to attempt to reach the North Pole by balloon. He later crashes and dies.
1906
Murder of Grace Brown by Chester Gillette in the United States, inspiration for Theodore Dreiser's An American Tragedy.
1914
Babe Ruth makes his debut in Major League Baseball.
1914
USS Nevada (BB-36) is launched.
1919
The eight-hour day and free Sunday become law for workers in the Netherlands.
1920
In the East Prussian plebiscite the local populace decides to remain with Weimar Germany.
1921
A truce in the Irish War of Independence comes into effect.
1921
The Red Army captures Mongolia from the White Army and establishes the Mongolian People's Republic.
1921
Former President of the United States William Howard Taft is sworn in as 10th Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, becoming the only person ever to hold both offices.
1922
The Hollywood Bowl opens.
1924
Eric Liddell won the gold medal in 400m at the 1924 Paris Olympics, after refusing to run in the heats for 100m, his favoured distance, on the Sunday
1934
Engelbert Zaschka of Germany flies his large human-powered aircraft, the Zaschka Human-Power Aircraft, about 20 meters at Berlin Tempelhof Airport without assisted take-off.
1936
The Triborough Bridge in New York City is opened to traffic.
1940
World War II: Vichy France regime is formally established. Philippe Pétain becomes Prime Minister of France.
1941
The Northern Rhodesian Labour Party holds its first congress in Nkana.
1943
Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army within the Reichskommissariat Ukraine (Volhynia) peak.
1943
World War II: Allied invasion of Sicily: German and Italian troops launch a counter-attack on Allied forces in Sicily.
1947
The Exodus 1947 heads to Palestine from France.
1950
Pakistan joins the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank.
1957
Prince Karim Husseini Aga Khan IV inherits the office of Imamat as the 49th Imam of Shia Imami Ismai'li worldwide, after the death of Sir Sultan Mahommed Shah Aga Khan III.
1960
France legislates for the independence of Dahomey (later Benin), Upper Volta (later Burkina) and Niger.
1960
Congo Crisis: The State of Katanga breaks away from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
1960
To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is first published, in the United States.
1962
First transatlantic satellite television transmission.
1962
Project Apollo: At a press conference, NASA announces lunar orbit rendezvous as the means to land astronauts on the Moon, and return them to Earth.
1971
Copper mines in Chile are nationalized.
1972
The first game of the World Chess Championship 1972 between challenger Bobby Fischer and defending champion Boris Spassky starts.
1973
Varig Flight 820 crashes near Paris, France on approach to Orly Airport, killing 123 of the 134 on board. In response, the FAA bans smoking on flights.
1977
Martin Luther King, Jr. is posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
1978
Los Alfaques disaster: A truck carrying liquid gas crashes and explodes at a coastal campsite in Tarragona, Spain killing 216 tourists.
1979
America's first space station, Skylab, is destroyed as it re-enters the Earth's atmosphere over the Indian Ocean.
1990
Oka Crisis: First Nations land dispute in Quebec, Canada begins.
1991
Nigeria Airways Flight 2120 crashes in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia killing all 261 passengers and crew on board.
1994
PTV is introduced as a kids programming block for PBS to broadcast educational programming to underprivileged children.
1995
Srebrenica massacre begins; lasts until 22 July.
2006
Mumbai train bombings: Two hundred nine people are killed in a series of bomb attacks in Mumbai, India.
2010
July 2010 Kampala attacks: At least 74 people are killed in twin suicide bombings at two locations in Kampala, Uganda
2011
Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion: Ninety-eight containers of explosives self-detonate killing 13 people in Zygi, Cyprus.
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