July 27 in History

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Historical Events on July 27

1054

Siward, Earl of Northumbria invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland somewhere north of the Firth of Forth.
1189

Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Stefan Nemanja, during the Third Crusade.
1202

Georgian-Seljuk wars: At the Battle of Basian the Kingdom of Georgia defeats the Sultanate of Rum.
1214

Battle of Bouvines: Philip II of France decisively defeats Imperial, English and Flemish armies, effectively ending John of England's Angevin Empire.
1299

According to Edward Gibbon, Osman I invades the territory of Nicomedia for the first time, usually considered to be the founding day of the Ottoman state.
1302

Battle of Bapheus: Decisive Ottoman victory over the Byzantines opening up Bithynia for Turkish conquest.
1549

The Jesuit priest Francis Xavier's ship reaches Japan.
1663

The English Parliament passes the second Navigation Act requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports.
1689

Glorious Revolution: The Battle of Killiecrankie ends.
1694

A Royal charter is granted to the Bank of England.
1720

The Battle of Grengam marks the second important victory of the Russian Navy.
1775

Founding of the U.S. Army Medical Department: The Second Continental Congress passes legislation establishing "an hospital for an army consisting of 20,000 men."
1778

American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant: British and French fleets fight to a standoff.
1789

The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, is established (it will be later renamed Department of State).
1794

French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 "enemies of the Revolution".
1816

Battle of Negro Fort: The battle ends when a hot shot cannonball fired by US Navy Gunboat No. 154 explodes the Fort's Powder Magazine, killing apx. 275. It is considered the deadliest single cannon shot in US history.
1857

Siege of Arrah begins: Sixty-eight men hold out for eight days against a force of 2,500 to 3,000 mutinying sepoys and 8,000 irregular forces.
1865

Welsh settlers arrive at Chubut in Argentina.
1866

The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable is successfully completed, stretching from Valentia Island, Ireland, to Heart's Content, Newfoundland.
1880

Second Anglo-Afghan War: Battle of Maiwand: Afghan forces led by Mohammad Ayub Khan defeat the British Army in battle near Maiwand, Afghanistan.
1890

Vincent van Gogh shoots himself and dies two days later.
1900

Kaiser Wilhelm II makes a speech comparing Germans to Huns; for years afterwards, "Hun" would be a disparaging name for Germans.
1917

The Allies reach the Yser Canal at the Battle of Passchendaele.
1919

The Chicago Race Riot erupts after a racial incident occurred on a South Side beach, leading to 38 fatalities and 537 injuries over a five-day period.
1921

Researchers at the University of Toronto, led by biochemist Frederick Banting, prove that the hormone insulin regulates blood sugar.
1929

The Geneva Convention of 1929, dealing with treatment of prisoners-of-war, is signed by 53 nations.
1940

The animated short A Wild Hare is released, introducing the character of Bugs Bunny.
1941

Japanese troops stationed in Tonkin occupy the southern portion of French Indochina.
1942

World War II: Allied forces successfully halt the final Axis advance into Egypt.
1949

Initial flight of the de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner.
1953

Cessation of hostilities is achieved in the Korean War when the United States, China, and North Korea sign an armistice agreement. Syngman Rhee, President of South Korea, refuses to sign but pledges to observe the armistice.
1955

The Allied occupation of Austria stemming from World War II ends.
1955

El Al Flight 402 is shot down by two fighter jets after straying into Bulgarian air space. All 58 people onboard are killed.
1959

The Continental League is announced as baseball's "3rd major league" in the United States.
1964

Vietnam War: Five thousand more American military advisers are sent to South Vietnam bringing the total number of United States forces in Vietnam to 21,000.
1974

Watergate scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary Committee votes 27 to 11 to recommend the first article of impeachment (for obstruction of justice) against President Richard Nixon.
1975

Mayor of Jaffna and former MP Alfred Duraiappah is shot dead.
1976

Former Japanese prime minister Kakuei Tanaka is arrested on suspicion of violating foreign exchange and foreign trade laws in connection with the Lockheed bribery scandals.
1983

Black July: Eighteen Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by Sinhalese prisoners, the second such massacre in two days.
1987

RMS Titanic Inc. begins the first expedited salvage of wreckage of the RMS Titanic.
1989

While attempting to land at Tripoli International Airport in Libya, Korean Air Flight 803 crashes just short of the runway. Seventy-five of the 199 passengers and crew and four people on the ground are killed, in the second accident involving a DC-10 in less than two weeks, the first being United Airlines Flight 232.
1990

The Supreme Soviet of the Belarusian Soviet Republic declares independence of Belarus from the Soviet Union. Until 1996 the day is celebrated as the Independence Day of Belarus; after a referendum held that year the celebration of independence is moved to June 3.
1990

The Jamaat al Muslimeen attempt a coup d'état in Trinidad and Tobago.
1995

The Korean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C..
1996

In Atlanta, United States, a pipe bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park during the 1996 Summer Olympics.
1997

About 50 people are killed in the Si Zerrouk massacre in Algeria.
2002

Ukraine airshow disaster: A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes during an air show at Lviv, Ukraine killing 77 and injuring more than 500 others, making it the deadliest air show disaster in history.
2005

After an incident during STS-114, NASA grounds the Space Shuttle, pending an investigation of the continuing problem with the shedding of foam insulation from the external fuel tank.
2015

At least seven people are killed and many injured after gunmen attack an Indian police station in Punjab.

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