June 12 in History

Historical Events on June 12

910

Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors.
1240

At the instigation of Louis IX of France, an inter-faith debate, known as the Disputation of Paris, starts between a Christian monk and four rabbis.
1381

Peasants' Revolt: In England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
1418

Armagnac-Burgundian Civil War: Parisians slaughter Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac and his suspected sympathizers, along with all prisoners, foreign bankers, and students and faculty of the College of Navarre.
1429

Hundred Years' War: Joan of Arc leads the French army in their capture of the city and the English commander, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk in the second day of the Battle of Jargeau.
1550

The city of Helsinki, Finland (belonging to Sweden at the time) is founded by King Gustav I of Sweden.
1653

First Anglo-Dutch War: The Battle of the Gabbard begins and lasts until June 13.
1665

England installs a municipal government in New York City (the former Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam).
1758

French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg: James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia commences.
1772

French explorer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne and 25 of his men killed by Māori in New Zealand
1775

American Revolution: British general Thomas Gage declares martial law in Massachusetts. The British offer a pardon to all colonists who lay down their arms. There would be only two exceptions to the amnesty: Samuel Adams and John Hancock, if captured, were to be hanged.
1776

The Virginia Declaration of Rights is adopted.
1798

Irish Rebellion of 1798: Battle of Ballynahinch.
1817

maiden ride by Karl von Drais of the bicycle.
1864

American Civil War, Overland Campaign: Battle of Cold Harbor: Ulysses S. Grant gives the Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee a victory when he pulls his Union troops from their position at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south.
1898

Philippine Declaration of Independence: General Emilio Aguinaldo declares the Philippines' independence from Spain.
1899

New Richmond tornado: The eighth deadliest tornado in U.S. history kills 117 people and injures around 200.
1914

Massacre of Phocaea: Turkish irregulars slaughter 50 to 100 Greeks and expel thousands of others in an ethnic cleansing operation in the Ottoman Empire.
1935

A ceasefire is negotiated between Bolivia and Paraguay, ending the Chaco War
1939

Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures' Dr. Cyclops, the first horror film photographed in three-strip Technicolor.
1939

The Baseball Hall of Fame opens in Cooperstown, New York.
1940

World War II: Thirteen thousand British and French troops surrender to Major General Erwin Rommel at Saint-Valery-en-Caux.
1942

Anne Frank receives a diary for her thirteenth birthday.
1943

Holocaust: Germany liquidates the Jewish Ghetto in Brzeżany, Poland (now Berezhany, Ukraine). Around 1,180 Jews are led to the city's old Jewish graveyard and shot.
1944

American paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division secure the town of Carentan.
1954

Pope Pius XII canonises Dominic Savio, who was 14 years old at the time of his death, as a saint, making him at the time the youngest unmartyred saint in the Roman Catholic Church. In 2017 Jacinta and Francisco Marto, aged 10 and 9 at the time of their deaths, are declared saints.
1963

NAACP field secretary Medgar Evers is murdered in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith during the Civil Rights Movement.
1964

Anti-apartheid activist and ANC leader Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison for sabotage in South Africa.
1967

The United States Supreme Court in Loving v. Virginia declares all U.S. state laws which prohibit interracial marriage to be unconstitutional.
1979

Bryan Allen wins the second Kremer prize for a man powered flight across the English Channel in the Gossamer Albatross.
1987

The Central African Republic's former Emperor Jean-Bédel Bokassa is sentenced to death for crimes he had committed during his 13-year rule.
1987

Cold War: At the Brandenburg Gate U.S. President Ronald Reagan publicly challenges Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall.
1990

Russia Day: The parliament of the Russian Federation formally declares its sovereignty.
1991

Russians first democratically elected Boris Yeltsin as the President of Russia.
1991

1991 Kokkadichcholai massacre: The Sri Lankan Army massacres 152 minority Tamil civilians in the village of Kokkadichcholai near the eastern province town of Batticaloa.
1993

An election takes place in Nigeria which is later annulled by the military Government led by Ibrahim Babangida.
1994

Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman are murdered outside Simpson's home in Los Angeles. Her estranged husband, O.J. Simpson is later charged with the murders, but is acquitted by a jury.
1997

Queen Elizabeth II reopens the Globe Theatre in London.
1999

Kosovo War: Operation Joint Guardian begins when a NATO-led United Nations peacekeeping force (KFor) enters the province of Kosovo in Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
2009

A disputed presidential election in Iran leads to wide-ranging local and international protests.
2016

Forty-nine civilians are killed and 58 others injured in an attack on a gay nightclub in Orlando, Florida; the gunman, Omar Mateen, is killed in a gunfight with police.

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