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March 1 in History

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Historical Events on March 1

509 BC

Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
86 BC

Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army, enters Athens, removing the tyrant Aristion who was supported by troops of Mithridates VI of Pontus ending the Siege of Athens and Piraeus.
293

Emperor Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesars. This is considered the beginning of the Tetrarchy, known as the Quattuor Principes Mundi ("Four Rulers of the World").
317

Crispus and Constantine II, sons of Roman Emperor Constantine I, and Licinius Iunior, son of Emperor Licinius, are made Caesares.
350

Vetranio is asked by Constantina, sister of Constantius II, to proclaim himself Caesar.
834

Emperor Louis the Pious is restored as sole ruler of the Frankish Empire. After his re-accession to the throne, his eldest son Lothair I flees to Burgundy.
1457

The Unitas Fratrum is established in the village of Kunvald, on the Bohemian-Moravian borderland. It is to date the second oldest Protestant denomination.
1476

Forces of the Catholic Monarchs engage the combined Portuguese-Castilian armies of Afonso V and Prince John at the Battle of Toro.
1562

Sixty-three Huguenots are massacred in Wassy, France, marking the start of the French Wars of Religion.
1565

The city of Rio de Janeiro is founded.
1628

Writs issued in February by Charles I of England mandate that every county in England (not just seaport towns) pay ship tax by this date.
1633

Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France on behalf of Cardinal Richelieu.
1642

Georgeana, Massachusetts (now known as York, Maine), becomes the first incorporated city in the United States.
1692

Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne and Tituba are brought before local magistrates in Salem Village, Massachusetts, beginning what would become known as the Salem witch trials.
1700

Sweden introduces its own Swedish calendar, in an attempt to gradually merge into the Gregorian calendar, reverts to the Julian calendar on this date in 1712, and introduces the Gregorian calendar on this date in 1753.
1713

The siege and destruction of Fort Neoheroka begins during the Tuscarora War in North Carolina, effectively opening up the colony's interior to European colonization.
1781

The Continental Congress adopts the Articles of Confederation.
1790

The first United States census is authorized.
1793

French Revolutionary War: Battle of Aldenhoven during the Flanders Campaign.
1796

The Dutch East India Company is nationalized by the Batavian Republic.
1805

Justice Samuel Chase is acquitted at the end of his impeachment trial by the U.S. Senate.
1811

Leaders of the Mamluk dynasty are killed by Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali.
1815

Napoleon returns to France from his banishment on Elba, start of the Hundred Days.
1815

Georgetown University's congressional charter is signed into law by President James Madison.
1836

A convention of delegates from 57 Texas communities convenes in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas, to deliberate independence from Mexico.
1845

United States President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.
1852

Archibald Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton, is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
1854

German psychologist Friedrich Eduard Beneke disappears; two years later his remains are found in a canal near Charlottenburg.
1867

Nebraska becomes the 37th U.S. state; Lancaster, Nebraska is renamed Lincoln and becomes the state capital.
1868

The Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity is founded at the University of Virginia.
1870

Marshal F. S. López dies during the Battle of Cerro Corá thus marking the end of the Paraguayan War.
1872

Yellowstone National Park is established as the world's first national park.
1873

E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York begins production of the first practical typewriter.
1881

The first Minnesota State Capitol burns down due to a fire.
1886

The Anglo-Chinese School, Singapore is founded by Bishop William Oldham.
1893

Electrical engineer Nikola Tesla gives the first public demonstration of radio in St. Louis, Missouri.
1896

Battle of Adwa: An Ethiopian army defeats an outnumbered Italian force, ending the First Italo-Ethiopian War.
1896

Henri Becquerel discovers radioactive decay.
1901

The Australian Army is formed.
1910

The worst avalanche in United States history buries a Great Northern Railway train in northeastern King County, Washington, killing 96 people.
1914

The Republic of China joins the Universal Postal Union.
1917

The Zimmermann Telegram is reprinted in newspapers across the United States after the U.S. government releases its unencrypted text.
1919

March 1st Movement begins in Korea under Japanese rule.
1921

The Australian cricket team captained by Warwick Armstrong becomes the first team to complete a whitewash of The Ashes, something that would not be repeated for 86 years.
1932

Charles Lindbergh's son is reportedly kidnapped.
1936

The Hoover Dam is completed.
1939

An Imperial Japanese Army ammunition dump explodes at Hirakata, Osaka, Japan, killing 94.
1941

World War II: Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Pact, allying itself with the Axis powers.
1942

World War II: Japanese forces land on Java, the main island of the Dutch East Indies, at Merak and Banten Bay (Banten), Eretan Wetan (Indramayu) and Kragan (Rembang).
1946

The Bank of England is nationalised.
1947

The International Monetary Fund begins financial operations.
1949

Indonesian Army recaptures and occupies for six hours its capital city Yogyakarta from the Dutch.
1950

Cold War: Klaus Fuchs is convicted of spying for the Soviet Union by disclosing top secret atomic bomb data.
1953

Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin suffers a stroke and collapses; he dies four days later.
1954

Nuclear weapons testing: The Castle Bravo, a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb, is detonated on Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, resulting in the worst radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States.
1954

Armed Puerto Rican nationalists attack the United States Capitol building, injuring five Representatives.
1956

The International Air Transport Association finalizes a draft of the Radiotelephony spelling alphabet for the International Civil Aviation Organization.
1956

Formation of the East German Nationale Volksarmee.
1958

Samuel Alphonsus Stritch is appointed Pro-Prefect of the Propagation of Faith and thus becomes the first U.S. member of the Roman Curia.
1961

United States President John F. Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps.
1961

Uganda becomes self-governing and holds its first elections.
1964

Villarrica Volcano begins a strombolian eruption causing lahars that destroy half of the town of Coñaripe.
1966

Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface.
1966

The Ba'ath Party takes power in Syria.
1971

President of Pakistan Yahya Khan indefinitely postpones the pending national assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in East Pakistan.
1972

The Thai province of Yasothon is created after being split off from the Ubon Ratchathani Province.
1973

Black September storms the Saudi embassy in Khartoum, Sudan, resulting in the assassination of three Western hostages.
1974

Watergate scandal: Seven are indicted for their role in the Watergate break-in and charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice.
1981

Provisional Irish Republican Army member Bobby Sands begins his hunger strike in HM Prison Maze.
1990

Steve Jackson Games is raided by the United States Secret Service, prompting the later formation of the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
1991

Uprisings against Saddam Hussein begins in Iraq, leading to the death of more than 25,000 people mostly civilian.
1992

Bosnia and Herzegovina declares its independence from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
1995

Yahoo! is incorporated.
1998

Titanic became the first film to gross over $1 billion worldwide.
2002

U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins in eastern Afghanistan.
2002

The Envisat environmental satellite successfully reaches an orbit 800 kilometers (500 mi) above the Earth on its 11th launch, carrying the heaviest payload to date at 8500 kilograms (8.5 tons).
2003

Management of the United States Customs Service and the United States Secret Service move to the United States Department of Homeland Security.
2003

The International Criminal Court holds its inaugural session in The Hague.
2005

In Roper v. Simmons, the U.S. Supreme Court rules that the execution of juveniles found guilty of murder is unconstitutional.
2006

English-language Wikipedia reaches its one millionth article, Jordanhill railway station.
2007

Tornadoes break out across the southern United States, killing at least 20 people, including eight at Enterprise High School.
2008

The Armenian police clash with peaceful opposition rally protesting against allegedly fraudulent presidential elections, as a result ten people are killed.
2014

At least 29 people are killed and 130 injured in a mass stabbing at Kunming Railway Station in China.

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