Births on July 31

Hans Freyer, German sociologist and philosopher (d. 1969)

Hans Freyer (31 July 1887 – 18 January 1969) was a German conservative revolutionary sociologist and philosopher.

20 Jan

Pearl Harbor
The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl Harbor as a naval base.
2 Feb

Groundhog Day
In Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania the first Groundhog Day is observed.
10 Apr

Pope Leo XIII
On Easter Sunday, Pope Leo XIII authorizes the establishment of the Catholic University of America.
28 Apr

Guillaume Schnaebelé
A week after being arrested by the Prussian Secret Police, French police inspector Guillaume Schnaebelé is released on order of William I, German Emperor, defusing a possible war.
11 Nov

Haymarket affair
August Spies, Albert Parsons, Adolph Fischer and George Engel are executed as a result of the Haymarket affair.