Tonkin Campaign: France captures the citadel of Bắc Ninh.
The Bc Ninh Campaign (624 March 1884) was one of a series of clashes between French and Chinese forces in northern Vietnam during the Tonkin campaign (188386). The campaign, fought during the period of undeclared hostilities that preceded the Sino-French War (August 1884 April 1885), resulted in the French capture of Bc Ninh and the complete defeat of China's Guangxi Army.
The Tonkin campaign was an armed conflict fought between June 1883 and April 1886 by the French against, variously, the Vietnamese, Liu Yongfu's Black Flag Army and the Chinese Guangxi and Yunnan armies to occupy Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and entrench a French protectorate there. The campaign, complicated in August 1884 by the outbreak of the Sino-French War and in July 1885 by the Cần Vương nationalist uprising in Annam (central Vietnam), which required the diversion of large numbers of French troops, was conducted by the Tonkin Expeditionary Corps, supported by the gunboats of the Tonkin Flotilla. The campaign officially ended in April 1886, when the expeditionary corps was reduced in size to a division of occupation, but Tonkin was not effectively pacified until 1896.