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Births on April 1

1919Apr, 1

Joseph Murray

Joseph Murray, American surgeon and soldier, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012)
Joseph Edward Murray (April 1, 1919 – November 26, 2012) was an American plastic surgeon who performed the first successful human kidney transplant on identical twins Richard and Ronald Herrick on December 23, 1954.Murray shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1990 with E. Donnall Thomas for their discoveries concerning "organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease."

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Events on 1919

  • 5Jan

    Nazi Party

    The German Workers' Party, which would become the Nazi Party, is founded.
  • 23Mar

    Italian Fascism

    In Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini founds his Fascist political movement.
  • 4May

    Treaty of Versailles

    May Fourth Movement: Student demonstrations take place in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, protesting the Treaty of Versailles, which transferred Chinese territory to Japan.
  • 19May

    Turkish War of Independence

    Mustafa Kemal Atatürk lands at Samsun on the Anatolian Black Sea coast, initiating what is later termed the Turkish War of Independence.
  • 29May

    General relativity

    Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity is tested (later confirmed) by Arthur Eddington and Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin.