Eugene Jacques Bullard (October 9, 1895 – October 12, 1961), born Eugene James Bullard, was the first black American military pilot, although Bullard flew for France not the United States. Bullard was one of the few black combat pilots during World War I, along with William Robinson Clarke, a Jamaican who flew for the Royal Flying Corps, Domenico Mondelli from Italy and Ahmet Ali Çelikten of the Ottoman Empire. Also a boxer and a jazz musician, he was called "L'Hirondelle noire" in French, "Black Swallow".