Karel apek (Czech: [karl tapk] (listen); 9 January 1890 25 December 1938) was a Czech writer, playwright and critic. He has become best known for his science fiction, including his novel War with the Newts (1936) and play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots, 1920), which introduced the word robot. He also wrote many politically charged works dealing with the social turmoil of his time. Influenced by American pragmatic liberalism, he campaigned in favor of free expression and strongly opposed the rise of both fascism and communism in Europe.Though nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature seven times, apek never received it. However, several awards commemorate his name, such as the Karel apek Prize, awarded every other year by the Czech PEN Club for literary work that contributes to reinforcing or maintaining democratic and humanist values in society. He also played a key role in establishing the Czechoslovak PEN Club as a part of International PEN.apek died on the brink of World War II as the result of a lifelong medical condition.

His legacy as a literary figure became well established after the war.



BBC One is a British free-to-air television network owned and operated by the BBC, which operates a public television service. It is the corporation's flagship network, and is known for broadcasting mainstream programming, including BBC News television bulletins, primetime drama and entertainment, and some sports events.

It was launched on 2 November 1936, as the BBC Television Service, and was the world's first regular television service with a high level of image resolution. It was renamed BBC TV in 1960, and used this name until the launch of the second BBC channel, BBC2, in 1964. The main channel then became known as BBC1. The current spelling of BBC One was adopted in 1997.

The channel's annual budget for 2012–2013 was £1.14 billion. It is funded by the television licence fee together with the BBC's other domestic television stations, and shows uninterrupted programming without commercial advertising. The television channel was noted to have the highest reach share of any broadcaster in the United Kingdom as at 2019, ahead of its traditional rival for ratings leadership, ITV. In 2013, a major global study for the BBC by the Populus polling organisation found BBC One to be rated the highest quality TV channel in the world, with BBC Two coming in third place.