The Kunming Railway Station Violent Terrorist Case refers to the Xinjiang-based Abdureyim Kurban headed by Abdureyim Kurban that occurred at Kunming Railway Station in Kunming, Yunnan, China, on 1 March 2014. The separatist forces single-handedly planned and organized serious violent terrorist incidents. There were 8 members of the gang (6 men and 2 women), 4 were shot dead by the public security organs, 1 (female) was injured and captured, and the remaining 3 were arrested. Four assailants were shot to death by police on the spot and one injured perpetrator was captured. Police announced on 3 March that the six-man, two-woman group had been neutralized after the arrest of three remaining suspects.On September 12, 2014, the 3.1 Kunming Railway Station Violent Terrorist Case was sentenced at the first instance, and the defendants Iskandar Aiheti, Turhun Tokhniazi, and Yushan Maimat were sentenced to death and deprived of political rights Life; defendant Patiguri Tohti was sentenced to life imprisonment and deprived of political rights for life.

On October 31, 2014, the second-instance verdict of the March 1 Kunming Railway Station Violent Terrorist Case was upheld.

On March 24, 2015, three criminals, Iskandar Ahiti, Turhun Tokhniazi, and Yushan Maimat, were executed according to law.

In September 2014, nine suspects suspected of being involved in the "3.1" serious violent terrorist crime at Kunming Railway Station were discovered by Indonesian police in Indonesia. Four of them were rounded up by the police in Sulawesi recently, and three escaped into In the forest, the other two fled into Malaysia while taking advantage of the chaos. In July 2015, an Indonesian court tried three of the Uighurs from Xinjiang, China. Xinhua News Agency and the government of Kunming said that the attack had been linked to Sunni extremists which were a faction of Xinjiang separatists. Police said that they had confiscated a black, hand-painted East Turkestan flag at the scene, which is associated with the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region for which the Muslim ethnic minority seek independence from China.