The Prince of Anhua rebellion (Chinese: ) or Prince Anhua uprising was a rebellion by Zhu Zhifan, Prince of Anhua and member of the House of Zhu, against the reign of the Zhengde Emperor from 12 May 1510 to 30 May 1510. The Prince of Anhua revolt was one of two princedom rebellions during Zhengde's rule as emperor of the Ming dynasty, and precedes the Prince of Ning rebellion in 1519.

The Zhengde Emperor (Chinese: 正德帝; pinyin: Zhèngdé Dì; 27 October 1491 – 20 April 1521), who was the 11th Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigned from 1505 to 1521.

Born Zhu Houzhao, he was the Hongzhi Emperor's eldest son. Zhu Houzhao took the throne at only 14 with the era name Zhengde meaning "right virtue" or "rectification of virtue". He was known for favoring eunuchs such as Liu Jin and became infamous for his childlike behavior. He eventually died at age 29 from an illness he contracted after drunkenly falling off a boat into the Yellow River. He left behind no sons and was succeeded by his first cousin Zhu Houcong.