Nizam al-Mulk, Persian scholar and politician (b. 1018)
Abu Ali Hasan ibn Ali Tusi (April 10, 1018 – October 14, 1092), better known by his honorific title of Nizam al-Mulk (Persian: نظام‌الملک, lit. 'Order of the Realm') was a Persian scholar, political philosopher and vizier of the Seljuk Empire. Rising from a lowly position, he was the de facto ruler of the empire for 20 years after the assassination of sultan Alp Arslan in 1072, serving as the archetypal "good vizier" of Islamic history.One of his most important legacies was founding madrasa in cities throughout the Seljuk Empire. These were called nezamiyehs after him. He wrote Siyasatnama (Book of Government), a political treatise that uses historical examples to discuss justice, effective rule, and the role of government in Islamic society.