Princess Ashraf of Iran (d. 2016)
Ashraf ol-Molouk Pahlavi (Persian: اشرفالملوک پهلوی, Ašraf Pahlavi, 26 October 1919 – 7 January 2016) was the twin sister of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran (Persia), and a member of the Pahlavi dynasty. She was considered the "power behind her brother" and was instrumental in the 1953 coup that overthrew Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in favour of strengthening the monarchical rule of the Shah. She served her brother as a palace adviser and was a strong advocate for women's rights. Following the Iranian Revolution in 1979, she lived in exile in France, New York, Paris and Monte Carlo and remained outspoken against the Iranian Islamic Republic.
1919Oct, 26
Princess Ashraf of Iran
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Events on 1919
- 5Jan
Nazi Party
The German Workers' Party, which would become the Nazi Party, is founded. - 23Mar
Italian Fascism
In Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini founds his Fascist political movement. - 4May
Treaty of Versailles
May Fourth Movement: Student demonstrations take place in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, protesting the Treaty of Versailles, which transferred Chinese territory to Japan. - 19May
Turkish War of Independence
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk lands at Samsun on the Anatolian Black Sea coast, initiating what is later termed the Turkish War of Independence. - 29May
General relativity
Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity is tested (later confirmed) by Arthur Eddington and Andrew Claude de la Cherois Crommelin.